bpftool-btf - Man Page

bpftool [Options] btf COMMAND

Options := { { -j | --json } [{ -p | --pretty }] | { -d | --debug } | { -B | --base-btf } }

COMMANDS := { dump | help }

bpftool btf { show | list } [id BTF_ID]
bpftool btf dump BTF_SRC [format FORMAT]
bpftool btf help

BTF_SRC := { id BTF_ID | prog PROG | map MAP [{key | value | kv | all}] | file FILE }
FORMAT := { raw | c [unsorted] }
MAP := { id MAP_ID | pinned FILE }
PROG := { id PROG_ID | pinned FILE | tag PROG_TAG | name PROG_NAME }

bpftool btf { show | list } [id BTF_ID]

Show information about loaded BTF objects. If a BTF ID is specified, show information only about given BTF object, otherwise list all BTF objects currently loaded on the system.

Since Linux 5.8 bpftool is able to discover information about processes that hold open file descriptors (FDs) against BTF objects. On such kernels bpftool will automatically emit this information as well.

bpftool btf dump BTF_SRC

Dump BTF entries from a given BTF_SRC.

When id is specified, BTF object with that ID will be loaded and all its BTF types emitted.

When map is provided, it's expected that map has associated BTF object with BTF types describing key and value. It's possible to select whether to dump only BTF type(s) associated with key (key), value (value), both key and value (kv), or all BTF types present in associated BTF object (all). If not specified, kv is assumed.

When prog is provided, it's expected that program has associated BTF object with BTF types.

When specifying FILE, an ELF file is expected, containing .BTF section with well-defined BTF binary format data, typically produced by clang or pahole.

format option can be used to override default (raw) output format. Raw (raw) or C-syntax (c) output formats are supported. With C-style formatting, the output is sorted by default. Use the unsorted option to avoid sorting the output.

bpftool btf help

Print short help message.

-h,  --help

Print short help message (similar to bpftool help).

-V,  --version

Print bpftool's version number (similar to bpftool version), the number of the libbpf version in use, and optional features that were included when bpftool was compiled. Optional features include linking against LLVM or libbfd to provide the disassembler for JIT-ted programs (bpftool prog dump jited) and usage of BPF skeletons (some features like bpftool prog profile or showing pids associated to BPF objects may rely on it).

-j,  --json

Generate JSON output. For commands that cannot produce JSON, this option has no effect.

-p,  --pretty

Generate human-readable JSON output. Implies -j.

-d,  --debug

Print all logs available, even debug-level information. This includes logs from libbpf as well as from the verifier, when attempting to load programs.

-B,  --base-btf FILE

Pass a base BTF object. Base BTF objects are typically used with BTF objects for kernel modules. To avoid duplicating all kernel symbols required by modules, BTF objects for modules are "split", they are built incrementally on top of the kernel (vmlinux) BTF object. So the base BTF reference should usually point to the kernel BTF.

When the main BTF object to process (for example, the module BTF to dump) is passed as a FILE, bpftool attempts to autodetect the path for the base object, and passing this option is optional. When the main BTF object is passed through other handles, this option becomes necessary.

# bpftool btf dump id 1226

[1] PTR '(anon)' type_id=2
[2] STRUCT 'dummy_tracepoint_args' size=16 vlen=2
        'pad' type_id=3 bits_offset=0
        'sock' type_id=4 bits_offset=64
[3] INT 'long long unsigned int' size=8 bits_offset=0 nr_bits=64 encoding=(none)
[4] PTR '(anon)' type_id=5
[5] FWD 'sock' fwd_kind=union

This gives an example of default output for all supported BTF kinds.

$ cat prog.c

struct fwd_struct;

enum my_enum {
        VAL1 = 3,
        VAL2 = 7,
};

typedef struct my_struct my_struct_t;

struct my_struct {
        const unsigned int const_int_field;
        int bitfield_field: 4;
        char arr_field[16];
        const struct fwd_struct *restrict fwd_field;
        enum my_enum enum_field;
        volatile my_struct_t *typedef_ptr_field;
};

union my_union {
        int a;
        struct my_struct b;
};

struct my_struct struct_global_var __attribute__((section("data_sec"))) = {
        .bitfield_field = 3,
        .enum_field = VAL1,
};
int global_var __attribute__((section("data_sec"))) = 7;

__attribute__((noinline))
int my_func(union my_union *arg1, int arg2)
{
        static int static_var __attribute__((section("data_sec"))) = 123;
        static_var++;
        return static_var;
}

$ bpftool btf dump file prog.o

[1] PTR '(anon)' type_id=2
[2] UNION 'my_union' size=48 vlen=2
        'a' type_id=3 bits_offset=0
        'b' type_id=4 bits_offset=0
[3] INT 'int' size=4 bits_offset=0 nr_bits=32 encoding=SIGNED
[4] STRUCT 'my_struct' size=48 vlen=6
        'const_int_field' type_id=5 bits_offset=0
        'bitfield_field' type_id=3 bits_offset=32 bitfield_size=4
        'arr_field' type_id=8 bits_offset=40
        'fwd_field' type_id=10 bits_offset=192
        'enum_field' type_id=14 bits_offset=256
        'typedef_ptr_field' type_id=15 bits_offset=320
[5] CONST '(anon)' type_id=6
[6] INT 'unsigned int' size=4 bits_offset=0 nr_bits=32 encoding=(none)
[7] INT 'char' size=1 bits_offset=0 nr_bits=8 encoding=SIGNED
[8] ARRAY '(anon)' type_id=7 index_type_id=9 nr_elems=16
[9] INT '__ARRAY_SIZE_TYPE__' size=4 bits_offset=0 nr_bits=32 encoding=(none)
[10] RESTRICT '(anon)' type_id=11
[11] PTR '(anon)' type_id=12
[12] CONST '(anon)' type_id=13
[13] FWD 'fwd_struct' fwd_kind=union
[14] ENUM 'my_enum' size=4 vlen=2
        'VAL1' val=3
        'VAL2' val=7
[15] PTR '(anon)' type_id=16
[16] VOLATILE '(anon)' type_id=17
[17] TYPEDEF 'my_struct_t' type_id=4
[18] FUNC_PROTO '(anon)' ret_type_id=3 vlen=2
        'arg1' type_id=1
        'arg2' type_id=3
[19] FUNC 'my_func' type_id=18
[20] VAR 'struct_global_var' type_id=4, linkage=global-alloc
[21] VAR 'global_var' type_id=3, linkage=global-alloc
[22] VAR 'my_func.static_var' type_id=3, linkage=static
[23] DATASEC 'data_sec' size=0 vlen=3
        type_id=20 offset=0 size=48
        type_id=21 offset=0 size=4
        type_id=22 offset=52 size=4

The following commands print BTF types associated with specified map's key, value, both key and value, and all BTF types, respectively. By default, both key and value types will be printed.

# bpftool btf dump map id 123 key

[39] TYPEDEF 'u32' type_id=37

# bpftool btf dump map id 123 value

[86] PTR '(anon)' type_id=87

# bpftool btf dump map id 123 kv

[39] TYPEDEF 'u32' type_id=37
[86] PTR '(anon)' type_id=87

# bpftool btf dump map id 123 all

[1] PTR '(anon)' type_id=0
.
.
.
[2866] ARRAY '(anon)' type_id=52 index_type_id=51 nr_elems=4

All the standard ways to specify map or program are supported:

# bpftool btf dump map id 123

# bpftool btf dump map pinned /sys/fs/bpf/map_name

# bpftool btf dump prog id 456

# bpftool btf dump prog tag b88e0a09b1d9759d

# bpftool btf dump prog pinned /sys/fs/bpf/prog_name

# bpftool btf dump file /sys/kernel/btf/i2c_smbus
(or)
# I2C_SMBUS_ID=$(bpftool btf show -p | jq '.[] | select(.name=="i2c_smbus").id')
# bpftool btf dump id ${I2C_SMBUS_ID} -B /sys/kernel/btf/vmlinux

[104848] STRUCT 'i2c_smbus_alert' size=40 vlen=2
        'alert' type_id=393 bits_offset=0
        'ara' type_id=56050 bits_offset=256
[104849] STRUCT 'alert_data' size=12 vlen=3
        'addr' type_id=16 bits_offset=0
        'type' type_id=56053 bits_offset=32
        'data' type_id=7 bits_offset=64
[104850] PTR '(anon)' type_id=104848
[104851] PTR '(anon)' type_id=104849
[104852] FUNC 'i2c_register_spd' type_id=84745 linkage=static
[104853] FUNC 'smbalert_driver_init' type_id=1213 linkage=static
[104854] FUNC_PROTO '(anon)' ret_type_id=18 vlen=1
        'ara' type_id=56050
[104855] FUNC 'i2c_handle_smbus_alert' type_id=104854 linkage=static
[104856] FUNC 'smbalert_remove' type_id=104854 linkage=static
[104857] FUNC_PROTO '(anon)' ret_type_id=18 vlen=2
        'ara' type_id=56050
        'id' type_id=56056
[104858] FUNC 'smbalert_probe' type_id=104857 linkage=static
[104859] FUNC 'smbalert_work' type_id=9695 linkage=static
[104860] FUNC 'smbus_alert' type_id=71367 linkage=static
[104861] FUNC 'smbus_do_alert' type_id=84827 linkage=static

bpf(2), bpf-helpers(7), bpftool(8), bpftool-cgroup(8), bpftool-feature(8), bpftool-gen(8), bpftool-iter(8), bpftool-link(8), bpftool-map(8), bpftool-net(8), bpftool-perf(8), bpftool-prog(8), bpftool-struct_ops(8)

bpftool(8), bpftool-cgroup(8), bpftool-feature(8), bpftool-gen(8), bpftool-iter(8), bpftool-link(8), bpftool-map(8), bpftool-net(8), bpftool-perf(8), bpftool-prog(8), bpftool-struct_ops(8).