spatch - Man Page

spatch --sp-file <SP> <files> [-o <outfile> ] [--iso-file <iso> ] [ options ]

spatch is a program matching and transformation tool for C. The programmer describes the code to match and the transformation to perform as a semantic patch, which looks like a standard patch, but can transform multiple files at any number of code sites.

Further information about spatch is available at https://coccinelle.gitlabpages.inria.fr/website/.

Semantic patch examples can be found at http://coccinellery.org/, and at the scripts/coccinelle directory of the Linux Kernel source code.

Here is a summary of the most commonly used options (also see the "Configuration Mechanism" section below):

--sp-file <file>

the semantic patch file

--dir <dir>

process all files in directory recursively

--iso-file <file>

(default=/usr/lib64/coccinelle/standard.iso)

--macro-file <file>

(default=/usr/lib64/coccinelle/standard.h)

--debug

print some information to help debug the matching process

--all-includes

causes all available include files to be used

--no-includes

causes not even local include files to be used

-I <dir>

the directory containing the include files

--include-headers

process header files independently

--use-glimpse

works with --dir, use information generated by glimpseindex

-o <file>

the output file. If none is specified, a patch is generated on the standard output

--in-place

do the modification on the file directly

--out-place

store modifications in a .cocci_res file

--version

show the version of spatch

--date

show the date on which spatch was compiled

--shorthelp

see short list of options

--longhelp

see all the available options in different categories

-help,  --help

show summary of options.

 ./spatch --sp-file foo.cocci foo.c

Apply the semantic patch foo.cocci to the C file foo.c.  The semantic patch is applied modulo a set of isomorphisms contained in standard.iso (standard.iso is by default located in /usr/lib64/coccinelle/standard.iso).  A patch showing the effect of the application, if any, will be generated on the standard output.

 ./spatch --sp-file foo.cocci foo.c -o /tmp/newfoo.c

The same as the above, except that a modified version of foo.c is stored in /tmp/newfoo.c.

It is also possible to apply spatch to all of the C files in a directory:

 ./spatch --cocci-file foo.cocci --dir foodir

If the semantic patch is not working as expected, the option --debug shows selection of information about the application of a semantic patch to a file or directory.

MAIN OPTIONS

--sp-file

<file> the semantic patch file

-o

<file> the output file

--in-place

do the modification on the file directly

--backup-suffix

suffix to use when making a backup for inplace

--out-place

store modifications in a .cocci_res file

--reverse

invert the semantic patch before applying it

-U

set number of diff context lines

--partial-match

report partial matches of the SP on the C file

--iso-file

<file> (default=/usr/local/lib/coccinelle/standard.iso)

--macro-file

<file>

--macro-file-builtins

<file> (default=/usr/local/lib/coccinelle/standard.h)

--recursive-includes

causes all available include files, both those included in the C file(s) and those included in header files, to be used

--all-includes

causes all available include files included in the C file(s) to be used

--no-includes

causes not even local include files to be used

--local-includes

causes local include files to be used

--ignore-unknown-options

For integration in a toolchain (must be set before the first unknown option)

--include-headers

process header files independently

-I

<dir> containing the header files (optional)

--preprocess

run the C preprocessor before applying the semantic match

-c

gcc/cpp compatibility mode

--dir

<dir> process all files in directory recursively

--use-glimpse

works with --dir, use info generated by glimpseindex

--use-idutils

find relevant files using id-utils

--patch

<dir> path name with respect to which a patch should be created

"" for a file in the current directory

--kbuild-info

<file> improve --dir by grouping related c files

--pyoutput

Sets output routine: Default value: coccilib.output.Console

--version

guess what

--date

guess what

--shorthelp

see short list of options

--longhelp

see all the available options in different categories

ALIASES AND OBSOLETE OPTIONS

--sp

command line semantic patch

--iso

short option of --iso-file

--cocci-file

<file> the semantic patch file

MOST USEFUL SHOW Options

--show-diff

--no-show-diff

--force-diff

show diff even if only spacing changes

--show-flow

--ctl-inline-let

--ctl-show-mcodekind

--show-bindings

--show-transinfo

--show-misc

--show-trying

show the name of each function being processed

--show-dependencies

show the dependencies related to each rule

VERBOSE SUBSYSTEMS Options

--verbose-ctl-engine

--verbose-match

--verbose-engine

--graphical-trace

generate a pdf file representing the matching process

--gt-without-label

remove graph label (requires option -graphical-trace)

--parse-error-msg

--verbose-parsing

--type-error-msg

OTHER SHOW Options

--show-c

--show-cocci

--show-before-fixed-flow

--show-ctl-tex

--show-ctl-text

--show-SP

DEBUG C PARSING/UNPARSING

--debug-cpp

--debug-lexer

--debug-etdt

--debug-typedef

--filter-msg

filter some cpp message when the macro is a "known" cpp construct

--filter-define-error

--filter-msg-define-error

filter the error msg

--filter-passed-level

--debug-unparsing

SHORTCUT FOR ENABLING/DISABLING A SET OF DEBUGGING Options AT ONCE

--quiet

--very-quiet

--debug

--pad

BENCH OPTIONS

--profile

gather timing information about the main coccinelle functions

--bench

<level> for profiling the CTL engine

--timeout

<sec> timeout in seconds

--steps

max number of model checking steps per code unit

--iso-limit

max depth of iso application

--no-iso-limit

disable limit on max depth of iso application

--track-iso

gather information about isomorphism usage

--disable-iso

disable a specific isomorphism

--profile-iso

gather information about the cost of isomorphism usage

CHANGE OF ALGORITHM OPTIONS

--keep-comments

keep comments around removed code

--loop

--no-loops

drop all back edges derived from looping constructs - unsafe

--no-gotos

drop all jumps derived from gotos - unsafe

--no-saved-typedefs

drop all inferred typedefs from one parse of some code to the next

--ocaml-regexps

use OCaml Str regular expressions for constraints

--l1

--ifdef-to-if

convert ifdef to if (experimental)

--no-ifdef-to-if

convert ifdef to if (experimental)

--disable-multi-pass

--noif0-passing

--defined

--undefined

--noadd-typedef-root

--disallow-nested-exps

disallow an expression pattern from matching a term and its subterm

--disable-worth-trying-opt

--only-return-is-error-exitif

this flag is not set, then break and continue are also error exits

--allow-inconsistent-paths

if this flag is set don't check for inconsistent paths; dangerous

--no-safe-expressions

make an expression disjunction not prioritise the topmost disjunct

--int-bits

the number of bits in an unsigned int

--long-bits

the number of bits in an unsigned long

--linux-spacing

spacing of + code follows the conventions of Linux

--smpl-spacing

spacing of + code follows the semantic patch

-D

indicate that a virtual rule should be considered to be matched

--c++

make a small attempt to parse C++ files. The supported extensions for source files are .cpp, .cxx, .cc, and for header files are .h, .hpp and .hxx. Note that this option disables the processing of .c files as Coccinelle behaviour is different for C++.

MISC OPTIONS

--debugger

option to set if launch spatch in ocamldebug

--disable-once

to print more messages

--show-trace-profile

show trace

--save-tmp-files

CONCURRENCY

--index

the processor to use for this run of spatch

--max

the number of processors available

--mod-distrib

use mod to distribute files among the processors

PAD OPTIONS

--use-cache

use .ast_raw pre-parsed cached C file

--cache-prefix

directory of cached ASTs, sets --use-cache

--cache-limit

maximum number of cached ASTs, sets --use-cache

TEST MODE AND TEST OPTIONS (WORKS WITH TESTS/ OR .OK FILES)

The test options don't work with the --sp-file and so on.

--test

<file> launch spatch on tests/file.[c,cocci]

--testall

launch spatch on all files in tests/ having a .res

--cpptestall

launch spatch on all files in cpptests/ (C++ code) having a .res

--test-okfailed

generates .{ok,failed,spatch_ok} files using .res files

--test-regression-okfailed

process the .{ok,failed,spatch_ok} files in current dir

--compare-with-expected

use also file.res

--expected-score-file

which score file to compare with in --testall or --cpptestall

--no-update-score-file

do not update the score file when --testall or --cpptestall succeeds

--relax-include-path

ACTION MODE

The action options don't work with the --sp-file and so on. It's for the other (internal) uses of the spatch program.

--tokens-c

<file>

--parse-c

<file or dir>

--parse-h

<file or dir>

--parse-ch

<file or dir>

--parse-i

<file or dir>

--parse

<file or dir>

--show-flow

<file or file:function>

--control-flow

<file or file:function>

--control-flow-to-file

<file or file:function>

--test-cfg-ifdef

<file>

--parse-unparse

<file>

--type-c

<file>

--compare-c

<file1> <file2>

--comment-annotater-c

<file>

--compare-c-hardcoded

--test-attributes

<file>

--test-cpp

<file>

--extract-macros

<file or dir>

--extract-macros-select

<file or dir>

--xxx

<file1> <>

--parse-cocci

<file>

--compare-c

<file1> <file2>

Coccinelle uses a simple text format to store customizations into in which the configuration file is processed is as follows, where the later lines always extend and may override earlier ones:

 o Your current user's home directory is processed first
 o Your directory from which spatch is called is processed next
 o The directory provided with the --dir option is processed last, if used

Such a configuration file may look like this:

[spatch]
	options = --jobs 4
	options = --show-trying

/usr/lib64/coccinelle/standard.iso

This file contains the default set of isomorphisms.

/usr/lib64/coccinelle/standard.h

This file contains the default set of macro hints.

.cocciconfig

This file contains the custom set of spatch options.

COCCINELLE_HOME

The path to the Coccinelle share directory. Default is /usr/lib64/coccinelle

Y. Padioleau, J.L. Lawall, R.R Hansen, G. Muller. "Documenting and Automating Collateral Evolutions in Linux Device Driver", EuroSys 2008 , Glasgow, Scotland, April 2008, pp. 247-260.

Julien Brunel, Damien Doligez, René Rydhof Hansen, Julia L. Lawall, Gilles Muller. "A foundation for flow-based program matching: using temporal logic and model checking", POPL 2009 , Savannah, GA, USA, January 21-23, 2009, pp. 114-126.

spatch was written by Julia Lawall <julia.lawall@lip6.fr>, Yoann Padioleau <yoann.padioleau@gmail.com>, Rene Rydhof Hansen <rrh@cs.aau.dk>, Henrik Stuart <henrik@hstuart.dk>, Nicolas Palix <nicolas.palix@imag.fr>, Peter Senna Tschudin <peter.senna@gmail.com>, Sébastien Hinderer <Sebastien.Hinderer@inria.fr>, Xavier Clerc <xavier.clerc@inria.fr> and Matthieu Caneill <matthieu.caneill42@gmail.com>.

This manual page was written by Yoann Padioleau <yoann.padioleau@gmail.com>, Julia Lawall <julia.lawall@lip6.fr>, Nicolas Palix <nicolas.palix@imag.fr> and Peter Senna Tschudin <peter.senna@gmail.com>.

Send a mail to <cocci@inria.fr>

Copyright 2012, 2015, INRIA and University of Grenoble-Alpes LIG. Copyright 2010, 2011, University of Copenhagen DIKU and INRIA. Copyright 2005-2009, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, University of Copenhagen. spatch is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, according to version 2 of the License.

patch(1), diff(1)

pycocci(1), spgen(1).