mysql_upgrade - Man Page

mysql_upgrade [options]

mysql_upgrade examines all tables in all databases for incompatibilities with the current version of the MariaDB Server. mysql_upgrade also upgrades the system tables so that you can take advantage of new privileges or capabilities that might have been added.

mysql_upgrade should be executed each time you upgrade MariaDB.

If a table is found to have a possible incompatibility, mysql_upgrade performs a table check. If any problems are found, a table repair is attempted.

To use mysql_upgrade, make sure that the server is running, and then invoke it like this:

shell> mysql_upgrade [options]

After running mysql_upgrade, stop the server and restart it so that any changes made to the system tables take effect.

mysql_upgrade executes the following commands to check and repair tables and to upgrade the system tables:

mysqlcheck --all-databases --check-upgrade --auto-repair
mysql < fix_priv_tables
mysqlcheck --all-databases --check-upgrade --fix-db-names --fix-table-names

Notes about the preceding commands:

• Because mysql_upgrade invokes mysqlcheck with the --all-databases option, it processes all tables in all databases, which might take a long time to complete. Each table is locked and therefore unavailable to other sessions while it is being processed. Check and repair operations can be time-consuming, particularly for large tables.
• For details about what checks the --check-upgrade option entails, see the description of the FOR UPGRADE option of the CHECK TABLE statement.
• fix_priv_tables represents a script generated internally by mysql_upgrade that contains SQL statements to upgrade the tables in the mysql database.

All checked and repaired tables are marked with the current MariaDB version number. This ensures that next time you run mysql_upgrade with the same version of the server, it can tell whether there is any need to check or repair the table again.

mysql_upgrade also saves the MariaDB version number in a file named mysql_upgrade_info in the data directory. This is used to quickly check whether all tables have been checked for this release so that table-checking can be skipped. To ignore this file and perform the check regardless, use the --force option.

For this reason, mysql_upgrade needs to be run as a user with write access to the data directory.

If you install MariaDB from RPM packages on Linux, you must install the server and client RPMs. mysql_upgrade is included in the server RPM but requires the client RPM because the latter includes mysqlcheck.

mysql_upgrade supports the following options, which can be specified on the command line or in the [mysql_upgrade] and [client] option file groups. Other options are passed to mysqlcheck. For example, it might be necessary to specify the --password[=password] option. mysql_upgrade also supports the options for processing option files.

• --help, -?

  Display a short help message and exit.

• --basedir=path

  Old option accepted for backward compatibility but ignored.

• --character-sets-dir=path

  Old option accepted for backward compatibility but ignored.

• --check-if-upgrade-is-needed

  Exit with a status code indicating if an upgrade is needed. Returns 0 if upgrade needed or current version couldn't be determined, 1 when no action required.

• --datadir=path

  Old option accepted for backward compatibility but ignored.

• --debug=path, -# path

  For debug builds, output debug log.

• --debug-check

  Print some debugging information when the program exits.

• --debug-info, -T

  Print debugging information and memory and CPU usage statistics when the program exits.

• --default-character-set=name

  Old option accepted for backward compatibility but ignored.

• --force

  Ignore the mysql_upgrade_info file and force execution of mysqlcheck even if mysql_upgrade has already been executed for the current version of MariaDB.

• --host

  Connect to MariaDB on the given host.

• --password[=password], -p[password]

  The password to use when connecting to the server. If you use the short option form (-p), you cannot have a space between the option and the password. If you omit the password value following the --password or -p option on the command line, mysql_upgrade prompts for one.

  Specifying a password on the command line should be considered insecure. You can use an option file to avoid giving the password on the command line.

• --port=port_num, -P port_num

  The TCP/IP port number to use for the connection.

• --protocol={TCP|SOCKET|PIPE|MEMORY}

  The connection protocol to use for connecting to the server. It is useful when the other connection parameters normally would cause a protocol to be used other than the one you want.

• --silent

  Print less information.

• --socket=path, -S path

  For connections to localhost, the Unix socket file to use, or, on Windows, the name of the named pipe to use.

• --ssl

  Enable SSL for connection (automatically enabled with other flags). Disable with  --skip-ssl.

• --ssl-ca=name

  CA file in PEM format (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl).

• --ssl-capath=name

  CA directory (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl).

• --ssl-cert=name

  X509 cert in PEM format (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl).

• --ssl-cipher=name

  SSL cipher to use (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl).

• --ssl-key=name

  X509 key in PEM format (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl).

• --ssl-crl=name

  Certificate revocation list (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl).

• --ssl-crlpath=name

  Certificate revocation list path (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl).

• --ssl-verify-server-cert

  Verify server's "Common Name" in its cert against hostname used when connecting. This option is disabled by default.

• --tmpdir=path, -t path

  The path name of the directory to use for creating temporary files.

• --upgrade-system-tables, -s

  Only upgrade the system tables in the mysql database. Tables in other databases are not checked or touched.

• --user=user_name, -u user_name

  The MariaDB user name to use when connecting to the server and not using the current login.

• --verbose

  Display more output about the process. Using it twice will print connection  arguments; using it 3 times will print out all CHECK, RENAME and ALTER TABLE  commands used during the check phase; using it 4 times (added in MariaDB 10.0.14) will also write out all mariadb-check commands used; using it 5 times will print all the mariadb commands used and their results while running mysql_fix_privilege_tables script.

• --version, -V

  Output version information and exit.

• --version-check, -k

  Run this program only if its 'server version' matches the version  of the server to which it's connecting. Note: the 'server version'  of the program is the version of the MariaDB server with which  it was built/distributed. Defaults to on; use --skip-version-check to disable.

• --write-binlog

  Cause binary logging to be enabled while mysql_upgrade runs.

Copyright 2007-2008 MySQL AB, 2008-2010 Sun Microsystems, Inc., 2010-2020 MariaDB Foundation

This documentation is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it only under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.

This documentation is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with the program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1335 USA or see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/.

For more information, please refer to the MariaDB Knowledge Base, available online at https://mariadb.com/kb/

MariaDB Foundation (http://www.mariadb.org/).

The man page mariadb-upgrade(1) is an alias of mysql_upgrade(1).