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josepy — josepy Documentation

Javascript Object Signing and Encryption (JOSE).

This package is a Python implementation of the standards developed by IETF Javascript Object Signing and Encryption (Active WG), in particular the following RFCs:

• JSON Web Algorithms (JWA)
• JSON Web Key (JWK)
• JSON Web Signature (JWS)

Originally developed as part of the ACME protocol implementation.

JOSE Base64 is defined as:

• URL-safe Base64
• padding stripped

josepy.b64.b64encode(data: bytes) -> bytes

JOSE Base64 encode.

Parameters

data (bytes) -- Data to be encoded.

Returns

JOSE Base64 string.

Return type

bytes

Raises

TypeError -- if data is of incorrect type

josepy.b64.b64decode(data: bytes | str) -> bytes

JOSE Base64 decode.

Parameters

data (bytes or unicode) -- Base64 string to be decoded. If it's unicode, then only ASCII characters are allowed.

Returns

Decoded data.

Return type

bytes

Raises

• TypeError -- if input is of incorrect type
• ValueError -- if input is unicode with non-ASCII characters

JOSE errors.

exception josepy.errors.Error

Generic JOSE Error.

exception josepy.errors.DeserializationError

JSON deserialization error.

exception josepy.errors.SerializationError

JSON serialization error.

exception josepy.errors.UnrecognizedTypeError(typ: str, jobj: Any)

Unrecognized type error.

Variables

• typ (str) -- The unrecognized type of the JSON object.
• jobj -- Full JSON object.

JOSE interfaces.

class josepy.interfaces.JSONDeSerializable

Interface for (de)serializable JSON objects.

Please recall, that standard Python library implements json.JSONEncoder and json.JSONDecoder that perform translations based on respective conversion tables that look pretty much like the one below (for complete tables see relevant Python documentation):

JSON	Python
object	dict
...	...

While the above conversion table is about translation of JSON documents to/from the basic Python types only, JSONDeSerializable introduces the following two concepts:

serialization

Turning an arbitrary Python object into Python object that can be encoded into a JSON document. Full serialization produces a Python object composed of only basic types as required by the conversion table. Partial serialization (accomplished by to_partial_json()) produces a Python object that might also be built from other JSONDeSerializable objects.

deserialization

Turning a decoded Python object (necessarily one of the basic types as required by the conversion table) into an arbitrary Python object.

Serialization produces serialized object ("partially serialized object" or "fully serialized object" for partial and full serialization respectively) and deserialization produces deserialized object, both usually denoted in the source code as jobj.

Wording in the official Python documentation might be confusing after reading the above, but in the light of those definitions, one can view json.JSONDecoder.decode() as decoder and deserializer of basic types, json.JSONEncoder.default() as serializer of basic types, json.JSONEncoder.encode()  as serializer and encoder of basic types.

One could extend json to support arbitrary object (de)serialization either by:

• overriding json.JSONDecoder.decode() and json.JSONEncoder.default() in subclasses
• or passing object_hook argument (or object_hook_pairs) to json.load()/json.loads() or default argument for json.dump()/json.dumps().

Interestingly, default is required to perform only partial serialization, as json.dumps() applies default recursively. This is the idea behind making to_partial_json() produce only partial serialization, while providing custom json_dumps() that dumps with default set to json_dump_default().

To make further documentation a bit more concrete, please, consider the following imaginatory implementation example:

class Foo(JSONDeSerializable):
    def to_partial_json(self):
        return 'foo'

    @classmethod
    def from_json(cls, jobj):
        return Foo()

class Bar(JSONDeSerializable):
    def to_partial_json(self):
        return [Foo(), Foo()]

    @classmethod
    def from_json(cls, jobj):
        return Bar()

abstract to_partial_json() -> Any

Partially serialize.

Following the example, partial serialization means the following:

assert isinstance(Bar().to_partial_json()[0], Foo)
assert isinstance(Bar().to_partial_json()[1], Foo)

# in particular...
assert Bar().to_partial_json() != ['foo', 'foo']

Raises

josepy.errors.SerializationError -- in case of any serialization error.

Returns

Partially serializable object.

to_json() -> Any

Fully serialize.

Again, following the example from before, full serialization means the following:

assert Bar().to_json() == ['foo', 'foo']

Raises

josepy.errors.SerializationError -- in case of any serialization error.

Returns

Fully serialized object.

abstract classmethod from_json(jobj: Any) -> GenericJSONDeSerializable

Deserialize a decoded JSON document.

Parameters

jobj -- Python object, composed of only other basic data types, as decoded from JSON document. Not necessarily dict (as decoded from "JSON object" document).

Raises

josepy.errors.DeserializationError -- if decoding was unsuccessful, e.g. in case of unparseable X509 certificate, or wrong padding in JOSE base64 encoded string, etc.

classmethod json_loads(json_string: str | bytes) -> GenericJSONDeSerializable

Deserialize from JSON document string.

json_dumps(**kwargs: Any) -> str

Dump to JSON string using proper serializer.

Returns

JSON document string.

Return type

str

json_dumps_pretty() -> str

Dump the object to pretty JSON document string.

Return type

str

classmethod json_dump_default(python_object: JSONDeSerializable) -> Any

Serialize Python object.

This function is meant to be passed as default to json.dump() or json.dumps(). They call default(python_object) only for non-basic Python types, so this function necessarily raises TypeError if python_object is not an instance of IJSONSerializable.

Please read the class docstring for more information.

JSON (de)serialization framework.

The framework presented here is somewhat based on Go's "json" package (especially the omitempty functionality).

josepy.json_util.field(json_name: str, default: Any = None, omitempty: bool = False, decoder: Callable[[Any], Any] = None, encoder: Callable[[Any], Any] = None) -> Any

Convenient function to declare a Field with proper type annotations.

This function allows to write the following code:

import josepy class JSON(josepy.JSONObjectWithFields):

typ: str = josepy.field('type')

def other_type(self) -> str:

return self.typ

class josepy.json_util.Field(json_name: str, default: Any = None, omitempty: bool = False, decoder: Callable[[Any], Any] = None, encoder: Callable[[Any], Any] = None)

JSON object field.

Field is meant to be used together with JSONObjectWithFields.

encoder (decoder) is a callable that accepts a single parameter, i.e. a value to be encoded (decoded), and returns the serialized (deserialized) value. In case of errors it should raise SerializationError (DeserializationError).

Note, that decoder should perform partial serialization only.

Variables

• json_name (str) -- Name of the field when encoded to JSON.
• default -- Default value (used when not present in JSON object).
• omitempty (bool) -- If True and the field value is empty, then it will not be included in the serialized JSON object, and default will be used for deserialization. Otherwise, if False, field is considered as required, value will always be included in the serialized JSON objected, and it must also be present when deserializing.

omit(value: Any) -> bool

Omit the value in output?

decoder(fdec: Callable[[Any], Any]) -> Field

Descriptor to change the decoder on JSON object field.

encoder(fenc: Callable[[Any], Any]) -> Field

Descriptor to change the encoder on JSON object field.

decode(value: Any) -> Any

Decode a value, optionally with context JSON object.

encode(value: Any) -> Any

Encode a value, optionally with context JSON object.

classmethod default_decoder(value: Any) -> Any

Default decoder.

Recursively deserialize into immutable types ( josepy.util.frozendict instead of dict(), tuple() instead of list()).

classmethod default_encoder(value: Any) -> Any

Default (passthrough) encoder.

class josepy.json_util.JSONObjectWithFieldsMeta(name: str, bases: List[str], namespace: Dict[str, Any])

Metaclass for JSONObjectWithFields and its subclasses.

It makes sure that, for any class cls with __metaclass__ set to JSONObjectWithFieldsMeta:

1. All fields (attributes of type Field) in the class definition are moved to the cls._fields dictionary, where keys are field attribute names and values are fields themselves.
2. cls.__slots__ is extended by all field attribute names (i.e. not Field.json_name). Original cls.__slots__ are stored in cls._orig_slots.

In a consequence, for a field attribute name some_field, cls.some_field will be a slot descriptor and not an instance of Field. For example:

some_field = Field('someField', default=())

class Foo:
    __metaclass__ = JSONObjectWithFieldsMeta
    __slots__ = ('baz',)
    some_field = some_field

assert Foo.__slots__ == ('some_field', 'baz')
assert Foo._orig_slots == ()
assert Foo.some_field is not Field

assert Foo._fields.keys() == ['some_field']
assert Foo._fields['some_field'] is some_field

As an implementation note, this metaclass inherits from abc.ABCMeta (and not the usual type) to mitigate the metaclass conflict (ImmutableMap and JSONDeSerializable, parents of JSONObjectWithFields, use abc.ABCMeta as its metaclass).

class josepy.json_util.JSONObjectWithFields(**kwargs: Any)

JSON object with fields.

Example:

class Foo(JSONObjectWithFields):
    bar = Field('Bar')
    empty = Field('Empty', omitempty=True)

    @bar.encoder
    def bar(value):
        return value + 'bar'

    @bar.decoder
    def bar(value):
        if not value.endswith('bar'):
            raise errors.DeserializationError('No bar suffix!')
        return value[:-3]

assert Foo(bar='baz').to_partial_json() == {'Bar': 'bazbar'}
assert Foo.from_json({'Bar': 'bazbar'}) == Foo(bar='baz')
assert (Foo.from_json({'Bar': 'bazbar', 'Empty': '!'})
        == Foo(bar='baz', empty='!'))
assert Foo(bar='baz').bar == 'baz'

encode(name: str) -> Any

Encode a single field.

Parameters

name (str) -- Name of the field to be encoded.

Raises

• errors.SerializationError -- if field cannot be serialized
• errors.Error -- if field could not be found

fields_to_partial_json() -> Dict[str, Any]

Serialize fields to JSON.

to_partial_json() -> Dict[str, Any]

Partially serialize.

Following the example, partial serialization means the following:

assert isinstance(Bar().to_partial_json()[0], Foo)
assert isinstance(Bar().to_partial_json()[1], Foo)

# in particular...
assert Bar().to_partial_json() != ['foo', 'foo']

Raises

josepy.errors.SerializationError -- in case of any serialization error.

Returns

Partially serializable object.

classmethod fields_from_json(jobj: Mapping[str, Any]) -> Any

Deserialize fields from JSON.

classmethod from_json(jobj: Mapping[str, Any]) -> GenericJSONObjectWithFields

Deserialize a decoded JSON document.

Parameters

jobj -- Python object, composed of only other basic data types, as decoded from JSON document. Not necessarily dict (as decoded from "JSON object" document).

Raises

josepy.errors.DeserializationError -- if decoding was unsuccessful, e.g. in case of unparseable X509 certificate, or wrong padding in JOSE base64 encoded string, etc.

josepy.json_util.encode_b64jose(data: bytes) -> str

Encode JOSE Base-64 field.

Parameters

data (bytes)

Return type

str

josepy.json_util.decode_b64jose(data: str, size: int | None = None, minimum: bool = False) -> bytes

Decode JOSE Base-64 field.

Parameters

• data (unicode)
• size (int) -- Required length (after decoding).
• minimum (bool) -- If True, then size will be treated as minimum required length, as opposed to exact equality.

Return type

bytes

josepy.json_util.encode_hex16(value: bytes) -> str

Hexlify.

Parameters

value (bytes)

Return type

unicode

josepy.json_util.decode_hex16(value: str, size: int | None = None, minimum: bool = False) -> bytes

Decode hexlified field.

Parameters

• value (unicode)
• size (int) -- Required length (after decoding).
• minimum (bool) -- If True, then size will be treated as minimum required length, as opposed to exact equality.

Return type

bytes

josepy.json_util.encode_cert(cert: ComparableX509) -> str

Encode certificate as JOSE Base-64 DER.

Return type

unicode

josepy.json_util.decode_cert(b64der: str) -> ComparableX509

Decode JOSE Base-64 DER-encoded certificate.

Parameters

b64der (unicode)

Return type

OpenSSL.crypto.X509 wrapped in ComparableX509

josepy.json_util.encode_csr(csr: ComparableX509) -> str

Encode CSR as JOSE Base-64 DER.

Return type

unicode

josepy.json_util.decode_csr(b64der: str) -> ComparableX509

Decode JOSE Base-64 DER-encoded CSR.

Parameters

b64der (unicode)

Return type

OpenSSL.crypto.X509Req wrapped in ComparableX509

class josepy.json_util.TypedJSONObjectWithFields(**kwargs: Any)

JSON object with type.

typ: str = NotImplemented

Type of the object. Subclasses must override.

type_field_name: str = 'type'

Field name used to distinguish different object types.

Subclasses will probably have to override this.

TYPES: Dict[str, Type] = NotImplemented

Types registered for JSON deserialization

classmethod register(type_cls: Type[GenericTypedJSONObjectWithFields], typ: str | None = None) -> Type[GenericTypedJSONObjectWithFields]

Register class for JSON deserialization.

classmethod get_type_cls(jobj: Mapping[str, Any]) -> Type[TypedJSONObjectWithFields]

Get the registered class for jobj.

to_partial_json() -> Dict[str, Any]

Get JSON serializable object.

Returns

Serializable JSON object representing ACME typed object. validate() will almost certainly not work, due to reasons explained in josepy.interfaces.IJSONSerializable.

Return type

dict

classmethod from_json(jobj: Mapping[str, Any]) -> TypedJSONObjectWithFields

Deserialize ACME object from valid JSON object.

Raises

josepy.errors.UnrecognizedTypeError -- if type of the ACME object has not been registered.

JSON Web Algorithms.

https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-jose-json-web-algorithms-40

class josepy.jwa.JWA

JSON Web Algorithm.

class josepy.jwa.JWASignature(name: str)

Base class for JSON Web Signature Algorithms.

classmethod register(signature_cls: JWASignature) -> JWASignature

Register class for JSON deserialization.

to_partial_json() -> Any

Partially serialize.

Following the example, partial serialization means the following:

assert isinstance(Bar().to_partial_json()[0], Foo)
assert isinstance(Bar().to_partial_json()[1], Foo)

# in particular...
assert Bar().to_partial_json() != ['foo', 'foo']

Raises

josepy.errors.SerializationError -- in case of any serialization error.

Returns

Partially serializable object.

classmethod from_json(jobj: Any) -> JWASignature

Deserialize a decoded JSON document.

Parameters

jobj -- Python object, composed of only other basic data types, as decoded from JSON document. Not necessarily dict (as decoded from "JSON object" document).

Raises

josepy.errors.DeserializationError -- if decoding was unsuccessful, e.g. in case of unparseable X509 certificate, or wrong padding in JOSE base64 encoded string, etc.

abstract sign(key: Any, msg: bytes) -> bytes

Sign the msg using key.

abstract verify(key: Any, msg: bytes, sig: bytes) -> bool

Verify the msg and sig using key.

josepy.jwa.HS256 = HS256

HMAC using SHA-256

josepy.jwa.HS384 = HS384

HMAC using SHA-384

josepy.jwa.HS512 = HS512

HMAC using SHA-512

josepy.jwa.RS256 = RS256

RSASSA-PKCS-v1_5 using SHA-256

josepy.jwa.RS384 = RS384

RSASSA-PKCS-v1_5 using SHA-384

josepy.jwa.RS512 = RS512

RSASSA-PKCS-v1_5 using SHA-512

josepy.jwa.PS256 = PS256

RSASSA-PSS using SHA-256 and MGF1 with SHA-256

josepy.jwa.PS384 = PS384

RSASSA-PSS using SHA-384 and MGF1 with SHA-384

josepy.jwa.PS512 = PS512

RSASSA-PSS using SHA-512 and MGF1 with SHA-512

josepy.jwa.ES256 = ES256

ECDSA using P-256 and SHA-256

josepy.jwa.ES384 = ES384

ECDSA using P-384 and SHA-384

josepy.jwa.ES512 = ES512

ECDSA using P-521 and SHA-512

JSON Web Key.

class josepy.jwk.JWK(**kwargs: Any)

JSON Web Key.

type_field_name: str = 'kty'

Field name used to distinguish different object types.

Subclasses will probably have to override this.

TYPES: Dict[str, Type[JWK]] = {'EC': <class 'josepy.jwk.JWKEC'>, 'RSA': <class 'josepy.jwk.JWKRSA'>, 'oct': <class 'josepy.jwk.JWKOct'>}

Types registered for JSON deserialization

cryptography_key_types: Tuple[Type[Any], ...] = ()

Subclasses should override.

required: Sequence[str] = NotImplemented

Required members of public key's representation as defined by JWK/JWA.

thumbprint(hash_function: ~typing.Callable[[], ~cryptography.hazmat.primitives.hashes.HashAlgorithm] = <class 'cryptography.hazmat.primitives.hashes.SHA256'>) -> bytes

Compute JWK Thumbprint.

https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7638

Returns

bytes

abstract public_key() -> JWK

Generate JWK with public key.

For symmetric cryptosystems, this would return self.

classmethod load(data: bytes, password: bytes | None = None, backend: Any | None = None) -> JWK

Load serialized key as JWK.

Parameters

• data (str) -- Public or private key serialized as PEM or DER.
• password (str) -- Optional password.
• backend -- A PEMSerializationBackend and DERSerializationBackend provider.

Raises

errors.Error -- if unable to deserialize, or unsupported JWK algorithm

Returns

JWK of an appropriate type.

Return type

JWK

class josepy.jwk.JWKOct(**kwargs: Any)

Symmetric JWK.

typ: str = 'oct'

Type of the object. Subclasses must override.

required: Sequence[str] = ('k', 'kty')

Required members of public key's representation as defined by JWK/JWA.

fields_to_partial_json() -> Dict[str, str]

Serialize fields to JSON.

classmethod fields_from_json(jobj: Mapping[str, Any]) -> JWKOct

Deserialize fields from JSON.

public_key() -> JWKOct

Generate JWK with public key.

For symmetric cryptosystems, this would return self.

class josepy.jwk.JWKRSA(*args: Any, **kwargs: Any)

RSA JWK.

Variables

key -- RSAPrivateKey or RSAPublicKey wrapped in ComparableRSAKey

typ: str = 'RSA'

Type of the object. Subclasses must override.

cryptography_key_types: Tuple[Type[Any], ...] = (<class 'cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric.rsa.RSAPublicKey'>, <class 'cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric.rsa.RSAPrivateKey'>)

Subclasses should override.

required: Sequence[str] = ('e', 'kty', 'n')

Required members of public key's representation as defined by JWK/JWA.

public_key() -> JWKRSA

Generate JWK with public key.

For symmetric cryptosystems, this would return self.

classmethod fields_from_json(jobj: Mapping[str, Any]) -> JWKRSA

Deserialize fields from JSON.

fields_to_partial_json() -> Dict[str, Any]

Serialize fields to JSON.

class josepy.jwk.JWKEC(*args: Any, **kwargs: Any)

EC JWK.

Variables

key -- EllipticCurvePrivateKey or EllipticCurvePublicKey wrapped in ComparableECKey

typ: str = 'EC'

Type of the object. Subclasses must override.

cryptography_key_types: Tuple[Type[Any], ...] = (<class 'cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric.ec.EllipticCurvePublicKey'>, <class 'cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric.ec.EllipticCurvePrivateKey'>)

Subclasses should override.

required: Sequence[str] = ('crv', 'kty', 'x', 'y')

Required members of public key's representation as defined by JWK/JWA.

fields_to_partial_json() -> Dict[str, Any]

Serialize fields to JSON.

classmethod fields_from_json(jobj: Mapping[str, Any]) -> JWKEC

Deserialize fields from JSON.

public_key() -> JWKEC

Generate JWK with public key.

For symmetric cryptosystems, this would return self.

JSON Web Signature.

class josepy.jws.MediaType

MediaType field encoder/decoder.

PREFIX = 'application/'

MIME Media Type and Content Type prefix.

classmethod decode(value: str) -> str

Decoder.

classmethod encode(value: str) -> str

Encoder.

class josepy.jws.Header(**kwargs: Any)

JOSE Header.

WARNING:

This class supports only Registered Header Parameter Names (as defined in section 4.1 of the protocol). If you need Public Header Parameter Names (4.2) or Private Header Parameter Names (4.3), you must subclass and override from_json() and to_partial_json() appropriately.

WARNING:

This class does not support any extensions through the "crit" (Critical) Header Parameter (4.1.11) and as a conforming implementation, from_json() treats its occurrence as an error. Please subclass if you seek for a different behaviour.

Variables

• x5tS256 -- "x5t#S256"
• typ (str) -- MIME Media Type, inc. MediaType.PREFIX.
• cty (str) -- Content-Type, inc. MediaType.PREFIX.

not_omitted() -> Dict[str, Field]

Fields that would not be omitted in the JSON object.

find_key() -> JWK

Find key based on header.

Supports only "jwk" header parameter lookup.

Returns

(Public) key found in the header.

Return type

.JWK

Raises

josepy.errors.Error -- if key could not be found

class josepy.jws.Signature(**kwargs: Any)

JWS Signature.

Variables

• combined -- Combined Header (protected and unprotected, Header).
• protected (unicode) -- JWS protected header (Jose Base-64 decoded).
• header -- JWS Unprotected Header (Header).
• signature (str) -- The signature.

header_cls

alias of Header

verify(payload: bytes, key: JWK | None = None) -> bool

Verify.

Parameters

• payload (bytes) -- Payload to verify.
• key (JWK) -- Key used for verification.

classmethod sign(payload: bytes, key: JWK, alg: JWASignature, include_jwk: bool = True, protect: FrozenSet = frozenset({}), **kwargs: Any) -> Signature

Sign.

Parameters

• payload (bytes) -- Payload to sign.
• key (JWK) -- Key for signature.
• alg (JWASignature) -- Signature algorithm to use to sign.
• include_jwk (bool) -- If True, insert the JWK inside the signature headers.
• protect (FrozenSet) -- List of headers to protect.

fields_to_partial_json() -> Dict[str, Any]

Serialize fields to JSON.

classmethod fields_from_json(jobj: Mapping[str, Any]) -> Dict[str, Any]

Deserialize fields from JSON.

class josepy.jws.JWS(**kwargs: Any)

JSON Web Signature.

Variables

• payload (str) -- JWS Payload.
• signature (str) -- JWS Signatures.

signature_cls

alias of Signature

verify(key: JWK | None = None) -> bool

Verify.

classmethod sign(payload: bytes, **kwargs: Any) -> JWS

Sign.

property signature: Signature

Get a singleton signature.

Return type

JWS.signature_cls

to_compact() -> bytes

Compact serialization.

Return type

bytes

classmethod from_compact(compact: bytes) -> JWS

Compact deserialization.

Parameters

compact (bytes)

to_partial_json(flat: bool = True) -> Dict[str, Any]

Partially serialize.

Following the example, partial serialization means the following:

assert isinstance(Bar().to_partial_json()[0], Foo)
assert isinstance(Bar().to_partial_json()[1], Foo)

# in particular...
assert Bar().to_partial_json() != ['foo', 'foo']

Raises

josepy.errors.SerializationError -- in case of any serialization error.

Returns

Partially serializable object.

classmethod from_json(jobj: Mapping[str, Any]) -> JWS

Deserialize a decoded JSON document.

Parameters

jobj -- Python object, composed of only other basic data types, as decoded from JSON document. Not necessarily dict (as decoded from "JSON object" document).

Raises

josepy.errors.DeserializationError -- if decoding was unsuccessful, e.g. in case of unparseable X509 certificate, or wrong padding in JOSE base64 encoded string, etc.

class josepy.jws.CLI

JWS CLI.

classmethod sign(args: Namespace) -> None

Sign.

classmethod verify(args: Namespace) -> bool

Verify.

classmethod run(args: List[str] = None) -> bool | None

Parse arguments and sign/verify.

Internal class delegating to a module, and displaying warnings when attributes related to the deprecated "abstractclassmethod" attributes in the josepy.util module.

class josepy.util.ComparableX509(wrapped: X509 | X509Req)

Wrapper for OpenSSL.crypto.X509** objects that supports __eq__.

Variables

wrapped -- Wrapped certificate or certificate request.

class josepy.util.ComparableKey(wrapped: RSAPrivateKey | RSAPublicKey | EllipticCurvePrivateKey | EllipticCurvePublicKey)

Comparable wrapper for cryptography keys.

See https://github.com/pyca/cryptography/issues/2122.

public_key() -> ComparableKey

Get wrapped public key.

class josepy.util.ComparableRSAKey(wrapped: RSAPrivateKey | RSAPublicKey | EllipticCurvePrivateKey | EllipticCurvePublicKey)

Wrapper for cryptography RSA keys.

Wraps around:

• RSAPrivateKey
• RSAPublicKey

class josepy.util.ComparableECKey(wrapped: RSAPrivateKey | RSAPublicKey | EllipticCurvePrivateKey | EllipticCurvePublicKey)

Wrapper for cryptography RSA keys. Wraps around: - EllipticCurvePrivateKey - EllipticCurvePublicKey

class josepy.util.ImmutableMap(**kwargs: Any)

Immutable key to value mapping with attribute access.

update(**kwargs: Any) -> GenericImmutableMap

Return updated map.

class josepy.util.frozendict(*args: Any, **kwargs: Any)

Frozen dictionary.

Let's Encrypt Project

2015-2024, Let's Encrypt Project